The Uttar Pradesh Public Service Commission came into existence on 1st April 1937, with the main aim of recruiting candidates to various services in the state through Uttar Pradesh Public Service Exam. Under the Government of India Act, 1935, for the first time, provision was made for the formation of Public Service Commissions at the provincial level. The commission is regulated by Uttar Pradesh Public Service Commission Regulation, 1976.

Articles 315 to 323 of Part XIV of the constitution, titled Services Under the Union and the States, provide for a Public Service Commission for the Union and for each state.

The Uttar Pradesh Public Service Commission began its functioning for the State of Uttar Pradesh with its headquarters at Allahabad (Now PRAYAGRAJ).